O conceito de responsabilidade universal: uma análise do conceito pela tradição budista Mahāyāna Geluk no XIV Dalai Lama

Abstract

The research explores the Universal Responsibility concept as of as the XIV Dalai Lama speech to the UN. For instance, it is based on the Buddhist theoretical foundations of the Mahāyāna Geluk tradition, according to Je Tsongkhapa writings. This concept of Universal Responsibility may be understood by a historical contextualization of Buddha Śākyamuni, rooted both in social and theoretical changes proposed by himself in his time, served as inspiration for the crossing of the Dharmas to China and Tibet. From that, it is important to observe how Buddhist texts are analyzed, understood, how the translation process took place and which consequences of the political and ideological agendas are shown behind it. Thereby, dealing with the fundamental concepts of Universal Responsibility, it is so possible to understand its scope, its foundations, and its importance to characterize Mahāyāna Buddhism. At this point, it is necessary to dialogue with other concepts of Judeo-Christian tradition, having as main reference Hannah Arendt, Hans Jonas and Jung Mo Sung texts. Because of this communication between these two distinct systems, an understanding for the XIV Dalai Lama speech to the UN, in defense of Human Rights based on Universal Responsibility, is presented as a foundation for the defense of Human Rights from a Buddhist Mahāyāna perspective.